Conditions

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)

Do I have Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is an umbrella term used to refer to chronic inflammatory lung diseases that cause increased breathlessness due to obstructed airflow to and from the lungs. Chronic obstructive airway disease affects the airways, the trachea and bronchi which branch into the lungs, causing them to narrow. Narrowing of these airways constricts the airflow into the lungs, leading to the experience of breathing difficulty. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common progressive lung diseases which contribute to COPD.

How does one develop COPD?

Chronic obstructive airway disease is caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases such as air pollution, smoke and fumes, most often from cigarette smoke. COPD can also be caused by emphysema, which causes destruction of the fragile alveolar sacs, or bronchitis, which causes inflammation of the bronchial tubes and overproduction of mucus.

Treatment options

Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) isn't curable, this lung disease can be managed to prevent progression and related complications. While those with COPD are at increased risk of developing heart disease, lung cancer and a variety of other conditions, with treatment, these individuals can avoid these complications and go on to live a long life with minimal symptoms.

A pulmonary function test will be done to diagnose and measure the amount of air you can inhale and exhale, giving Dr Roos an indication of the type of COPD present. Depending on the type you are diagnosed with, treatment will be aimed at managing exacerbations and symptoms of breathlessness. This may involve bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, certain types of inhalers, oral steroids, theophylline and/or antibiotics. Lung therapies such as oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehab may also be advised for those with severe cases of COPD. In necessary cases, Dr Roos may also refer you to a specialist pulmonologist.