Conditions
THYROID DISORDERS
Do I have a thyroid disorder?
The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland at the base of the neck. It is responsible for producing hormones that regulate the body's metabolism. There are several different disorders that can arise when your thyroid produces too much or too little of a particular hormone. The most common thyroid diseases are hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goitre, thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer.
Hypothyroidism – this is caused by an underproduction of the thyroid hormone. Symptoms include fatigue, dry skin, poor concentration, constipation and aches in the muscles or joints.- Hyperthyroidism – this is categorised by excessive production of the thyroid hormone. The symptoms are related to increased metabolism, such as nervousness, increased heart rate, fatigue, intolerance for heat, increased bowel movements, increased sweating, unintentional weight loss.
- Goitre – this is the term for the enlargement of the thyroid gland. This usually presents as swelling or tightness in your neck, difficulties breathing or swallowing, and hoarseness of voice.
- Thyroid nodules – these are lumps that occur on the thyroid gland. They can vary in size. These nodules can be benign, but may also be a sign of thyroid cancer. The following symptoms may be problematic and should be evaluated by your physician: a lump in the neck, swollen glands, trouble breathing, or swallowing and a hoarse voice.
How does one develop a thyroid disorder?
In most cases, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism cannot be prevented. Thyroid disorders may be caused by iodine deficiency, pituitary gland malfunctions, an underlying autoimmune disease or as a result of the removal of the thyroid gland.
Treatment options
Blood tests can measure the amount of thyroid hormones in the blood to diagnose a thyroid disorder. An iodine uptake test may also be done to test the amount of iodide that is absorbed by the thyroid gland. Depending on the thyroid disease you are diagnosed with, treatment options will vary. In most cases, an overactive thyroid can be treated with radioactive iodide treatment, anti-thyroid medication or surgery, while those with hypothyroidism will need to take a thyroid hormone replacement. Dr Roos can assist in the diagnosis and management of treatment but also screen you for signs of thyroid cancer.
